Premises plumbing biofilms are located inside taps, fittings, boilers and pipes. The pipes are often fixed in walls or under floors, not easily accesible without major intervention and plumber assistance. Due to the material heterogeneity, there may well be complex micro-environments within one premise. Below we explore some straightforward as well as novel ideas on how to access, sample and measure these.
Biofilm Sampling
A critical question addressed in the workshop was whether biofilms have to be sampled at all. A general conclusion was that for research purposes this is a must, but for routine water quality monitoring this may not be necessary.
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